--- /dev/null
+[[!meta title="The mitochondrial genome of the hemichordate Balanoglossus carnosus and the evolution of deuterostome mitochondria."]]
+[[!tag mitochondrion hemichordate]]
+
+Genetics. 1998 Nov;150(3):1115-23.
+
+Castresana J, Feldmaier-Fuchs G, Yokobori S, Satoh N, Pääbo S.
+
+The mitochondrial genome of the hemichordate Balanoglossus carnosus and the evolution of deuterostome mitochondria.
+
+[[!pmid 9799263 desc="AGA encodes Ser, AGG is absent, ATA encodes Ile, AAA is absent. “…out of the 69 ATA hemichordate codons, 20 occur in positions where Ile is conserved in >55% of the sequences (eight of these positions have Ile in >90% of the sequences), while none of them occur at positions where Met is conserved. Of the 19 AGA codons, 6 occur at positions where Ser is conserved in >55% of the sequences (3 of them with Ser in >90% of the sequences), whereas they are never used as stop codons.”"]]
ATA and TGA are likely to code for M and W like in vertebtates.
[[Durrheim and coll. |biblio/8393993]] also translated that way,
but did not report it explicitely.
- - [[Delarbre and coll, 1997|biblio/9254918]] proposed an AGR -> Gly
+ - [[Delarbre and coll, 1997|biblio/9254918]] proposed an AGR → Gly
reassignment in amphioxus, based on a AGG/GGG polymorphism, and
[[Spruyt and coll, 1998|biblio/9628930]] found a putative TCT (Gly) tRNA
in the mitochondrial genome of the amphioxus (in which they also show
- Sequence of a thaliacean (_Doliolum nationalis_) mitochondrial genome
suggests they also decode AGR as glycine ([[Yokobori, Oshima and Wada,
2005|biblio/15619441]]).
- - Another case, unrelated, of reassignment to glycin is know: UGA -> Gly in
+ - Another case, unrelated, of reassignment to glycin is know: UGA → Gly in
SR1 bacteria ([[Campbell and coll, 2013|biblio/23509275]]).
+ - In the hemichordate _Balanoglossus carnosus_ ([[Castresana and coll.,
+ 1998|biblio/9799263]]): ATA → Ile, AGA → Ser, AGG → ø and AAA → ø.
+```
+ AGA AGG ATA AAA TGA
+Vertebrates * * M K W
+Tunicates G G M K W
+Cephalochordates
+Hemichordates S ø I ø W
+Echinoderms S S I N W
+```
### Genes