Oik

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+[[!meta title="Role of intraspecific competition in intrinsic growth rate regulation in an Oikopleura dioica (Tunicata) population"]]
+[[!tag Oikopleura]]
+
+Li, S., Zhang, G.
+
+J. Ocean. Limnol. 39, 609–622 (2021). doi:10.1007/s00343-020-0071-0
+
+Role of intraspecific competition in intrinsic growth rate regulation in an _Oikopleura dioica_ (Tunicata) population.
+
+[[!doi 10.1007/s00343-020-0071-0 desc="_O. dioica_ found in Jiaozhou Bay, Qingdao, China and cultured at 18 °C.  Generation time of 4.5 days.  Largest animals tend to appear with low density of individuals and large amounts of food."]]
+
+“Individuals of Oikopleura dioica (Tunicata, Appendicularia) were collected in the Jiaozhou Bay, Qingdao, China (35°03′N, 120°20′E) on June 20, 2017, using a plankton net with a large-volume cod-end (10L). The samples were diluted into 50 L buckets and transported immediately to the laboratory, where healthy individuals were sorted and cultured in a small room (approximately 10 m2) maintained at 18 ± 1°C using a standard air conditioner.”
+
+“parental animals were forced to release their gametes by gentle aspiration in a pipette.  Then, all dishes were placed in a speed-regulating vibrator (HY-4H) rotating at 60 r/min for 5 min to mix the eggs and male gametes together, and this time was considered time zero (D0).”
+
+“To control the food concentration, a mono-diet of Isochrysis galbana was adopted for all treatments.”
+
+“From gamete production, the entire incubation duration was 4 d and 12 h.”
+
+“The body length of O. dioica was 145 ± 17 μm on average after 15 h of metamorphosis.”  “ On average, body lengths of 324–549 μm were achieved at the end of the experiments.”  “At each food level, both the final body and gonad length decreased on average with density.”
+
+“Calculated with a fixed generation duration of 4.5 d, the mean maximal intrinsic rate of natural increase (rmax) varied between 0.25 and 0.65/d”
+
+“In general, the population growth was significantly regulated by the PFS. The rmax was increased with the PFS and was saturated at values higher than 8.1 μg C/ind.”
+
+“Though the mortality recorded in our experiments was generally higher at low food concentrations, it is uncertain whether mortality increased with increased competition stress.”

diff --git a/tags/Oikopleura.mdwn b/tags/Oikopleura.mdwn
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--- a/tags/Oikopleura.mdwn
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@@ -368,6 +368,8 @@ Development
    eventually pause.  Animals in GA can survive ~18 days at 15°C.  GA can also be
    induced by inhibiting the TOR pathway ([[Subramaniam, Campsteijn and Thompson,
    2014|biblio/24695788]]).
+ - Large animals (~5 mm body length) could be cultivated when provided with large
+   amounts of food ([[Li and Zhang, 2021|biblio/10.1007_s00343-020-0071-0]]).
  - Telomeres are localised at the nuclear envelope and do not overlap with nuclear
    pore complexes in early meiotic oocytes before H3S10 phosphorylation.  In nurse
    cells at a later stage of oocyte development, the telomeres localise in silent
@@ -587,6 +589,8 @@ Ecology
  - In the northern south China sea, _O. longicauda_ and _O. rufescens_ were
    reported to be more abundant than _O. dioica_ in 2006 by ([[Li and coll.,
    2012|biblio/10.1007_s13131-012-0243-7]]).
+ - _O. dioica_ captured in 2017 from Jiaozhou Bay, Qingdao, China (35°03′N, 120°20′E)
+    could be cultivated at 18 °C ([[Li and Zhang, 2021|biblio/10.1007_s00343-020-0071-0]]).
  - _O. dioica_ and _O. longicauda_ were found throurought 2006-2007 in the Yellow sea
    ([[Franco, Chen and Li, 2014|biblio/10.1007_s11802-014-2376-0]]).  Abundance peaked
    is spring, but the animals could also be found in winter when water temperature