Café

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+[[!meta title="Protein phosphatase 2A is essential to maintain meiotic arrest, and to prevent Ca2+ burst at spawning and eventual parthenogenesis in the larvacean Oikopleura dioica."]]
+[[!tag ]]
+
+Protein phosphatase 2A is essential to maintain meiotic arrest, and to prevent Ca2+ burst at spawning and eventual parthenogenesis in the larvacean Oikopleura dioica.
+
+Dev Biol. 2020 Apr 15;460(2):155-163. doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2019.12.005
+
+Matsuo M, Onuma TA, Omotezako T, Nishida H.
+
+[[!pmid 31857067 desc="“PP2A is essential for the maintenance of meiotic arrest and prevention of parthenogenesis at spawning event in O. dioica. When PP2Ac is lost, the pH rise at spawning brings about an aberrant Ca burst by still unknown molecular mechanisms, and it activates eggs via CaMK II, reinitiates meiosis, and eventually results in improper initiation of embryogenesis.” Okadaic acid also induced parthenogenesis.  Termination of parthenogenetic migth be explain by failure to complete the cleavages because of the absence of the centrosome that should have been brought by the sperm."]]

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@@ -361,6 +361,9 @@ Development
    2008|biblio/18845138]]).
  - The first and second polar bodies are visible 5 and 15 min after fertilisation,
    respectively ([[Nishino and Morisawa, 1998|biblio/10.2108_zsj.15.723]]).
+ - Meiosis is resumed by change of extracellular pH when the oocytes are released
+   in seawater.  Partenogenesis starts if PP2A is inhibited by DNAi or with
+   okadaic acid ([[Matsuo and coll., 2020|biblio/31857067]).
  - First embryonic cleavages are deterministic and “Clonal organization of the
    tissues is essentially invariant among individuals” ([[Stach and coll.,
    2008|biblio/18490654]]).