-------
- _O. dioica_ grazes on bacterioplankton, which can be a significant share
- of its own diet, but the grazing has only “minimal influence on the
- population dynamics of the free-living bacteria” ([[King, Hollibaugh and
- Azam, 1980|biblio/10.1007_BF00390593]])
- - In a rRNA metabarcoding study [[López-Escardó and coll, 2018|biblio/29904074]] report that 28 %
- of the RNA reads in oxic micro/mesoplanktonic samples originate from tunicates, mostly appendicularian.
+ of its own diet, but the grazing has only “minimal influence on the
+ population dynamics of the free-living bacteria” ([[King, Hollibaugh and
+ Azam, 1980|biblio/10.1007_BF00390593]])
+ - In a rRNA metabarcoding study [[López-Escardó and coll,
+ 2018|biblio/29904074]] report that 28 % of the RNA reads in oxic
+ micro/mesoplanktonic samples originate from tunicates, mostly appendicularian.
- _O. dioica_ populations may have a higher fitness in warmer and more acid oceans
([[Bouquet et al., 2018|biblio/29298334]]). Another mesocosm study that took place
in the Gullmar Fjord ([[Algueró-Muñiz M and coll., 2017|biblio/28410436]])
did not predict major changes in mesozooplankton community structure and provides raw data
including _O. dioica_, for which no significant changes are visible.
- - In California, _O. dioica_ was reported by C. Essenberg
- ([[1922|biblio/1929090]]) to be rare in summer's warm (> 20ºC) waters and
- more abundant in winter's cool (13~16 ºC) waters.
- - _O. dioica_ was found throurought the North Pacific by ([[Tokioka (1960)|biblio/10.5134_174644]]).
- _O. dioica_ has “a very large mutation rate, and/or a very large effective
population size” ([[Denoeud et al., 2010|biblio/21097902]], according to a study
of silent and non-silent substitution rates in coding sequences).
- - It was already reported to be frequent in Japanese waters [[in 1907 by T. Aida|biblio/AA0069577]].
- - _O. dioica_ was found all year in the Fukuyama harbour, Japan in 1986—7
- [[Uye and Ichino, 1995|biblio/10.1016_0022-0981_95_00004-B]]). Mature stages were also
- found all year, and trunk length was shorter in summer.
- - In 1972, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1982 or 1986, _O. dioica_ was rare but relatively
- more abundant in slope waters, compared with Kuroshio and subtropical
- waters, on the Pacific side of the Japan coast ([[Hidaka,
- 2008|biblio/10.3800_pbr.3.152]]).
- - Two blooms taking place in summer 1997 in the Seto inland sea, Japan, were reported
- by [[Nakamura (1998)|biblio/10.1023_A_1003531812536]].
- Meta-transcriptomic analysis in the Red sea showed a decrease of appendicularians during
a Trichodesmium bloom in 2012 ([[Mojib and coll., 2017|biblio/10.1002_lno.10395]]).
- As of August 2018, _O. dioica_ is not yet found in the [BOLD](http://www.boldsystems.org/)
- Carbon output of _O. dioica_ is either their house or fecal pellets, the
ratio of which may depend on food concentration ([[Acuña and
Kiefer, 2000|biblio/10.4319_lo.2000.45.3.0608.mdwn]]).
- - Oikopleuridae can be found in the deep see. For instance, [[Lindsay and
- coll., 2014|biblio/10.1007_978-4-431-54865-2_51]] reported _Oikopleura_, _Mesochordaeus_
- and _Bathochordaeus_ individuals in the Hatoma Knoll hydrothermal vent, Okinawa Trough.
- Gravid _B mcnutti_ individuals are found at down to 800 m, but spawning is supposed to
happen closer to the surface ([[Sherlock and coll., 2017|biblio/28042175]]).
- Oikopleuridae have been reported to be able to ingest microplastics. Example(s):
- _O. dioica_ can filter, ingest and defecate the _Emiliania huxleyi_ virus
([[Lawrence and coll., 2017|biblio/10.1002_lno.10734]]). This study does not assess
whether the viruses are digested.
- - While _O. dioica_ was not reported on the atlantic and pacific coasts of Costa Rica, its
- presence is considered plausible ([[Castellanos, Morales-Ramírez and Suárez-Morales,
- 2009|biblio/10.1007_978-1-4020-8278-8_41]]).
- - _O. dioica_ and _O. longicauda_ were found throurought 2006-2007 in the Yellow sea
- ([[Franco, Chen and Li, 2014|biblio/10.1007_s11802-014-2376-0]]). Abundance peaked
- is spring, but the animals could also be found in winter when water temperature
- went below 10°C.
+
+### Distribution near Japan
+
+ - _O. dioica_ was reported in the Omura (Nagasaki) bay by [[Ito and Iizuka
+ (1980)|biblio/10069_30542]].
+ - It was already reported to be frequent in Japanese waters [[in 1907 by T.
+ Aida|biblio/AA0069577]].
+ - Oikopleuridae can be found in the deep see. For instance, [[Lindsay and
+ coll., 2014|biblio/10.1007_978-4-431-54865-2_51]] reported _Oikopleura_, _Mesochordaeus_
+ and _Bathochordaeus_ individuals in the Hatoma Knoll hydrothermal vent, Okinawa Trough.
+ - Two blooms taking place in summer 1997 in the Seto inland sea, Japan, were reported
+ by [[Nakamura (1998)|biblio/10.1023_A_1003531812536]].
+ - _O. dioica_ was found all year in the Fukuyama harbour, Japan in 1986—7
+ [[Uye and Ichino, 1995|biblio/10.1016_0022-0981_95_00004-B]]). Mature stages were also
+ found all year, and trunk length was shorter in summer.
+ - In 1972, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1982 or 1986, _O. dioica_ was rare but relatively
+ more abundant in slope waters, compared with Kuroshio and subtropical
+ waters, on the Pacific side of the Japan coast ([[Hidaka,
+ 2008|biblio/10.3800_pbr.3.152]]).
+
+### Distribution near Taiwan and China
+
- In Taiwan, _O. dioica_ was reported in north east costal waters in summar
2005 by [[Hsiao and coll.|biblio/10.1007/s10750-011-0628-1]] and in 2009
(plus near the Kueishan island) by [[Kâ and Hwang,
- In the northern south China sea, _O. longicauda_ and _O. rufescens_ were
reported to be more abundant than _O. dioica_ in 2006 by ([[Li and coll.,
2012|biblio/10.1007_s13131-012-0243-7]]).
- - _O. dioica_ was reported in the bay of Bengal by [[Bhavanarayana and
- Ganapati in 1972|biblio/10.1007_BF03045329]].
+ - _O. dioica_ and _O. longicauda_ were found throurought 2006-2007 in the Yellow sea
+ ([[Franco, Chen and Li, 2014|biblio/10.1007_s11802-014-2376-0]]). Abundance peaked
+ is spring, but the animals could also be found in winter when water temperature
+ went below 10°C.
+
+### Elsewhere in the Pacific ocean
+
+ - In California, _O. dioica_ was reported by C. Essenberg
+ ([[1922|biblio/1929090]]) to be rare in summer's warm (> 20ºC) waters and
+ more abundant in winter's cool (13~16 ºC) waters.
+ - _O. dioica_ was found throurought the North Pacific by ([[Tokioka
+ (1960)|biblio/10.5134_174644]]).
- _O. dioica_ was reported in Alaska, where it is more abundant in summer
and near the coast ([[Doubleday and Hopcroft, 2015|biblio/10.1093_plankt_fbu092]]).
+### Elsewhere in the World
+
+ - _O. dioica_ was reported in the bay of Bengal by [[Bhavanarayana and
+ Ganapati in 1972|biblio/10.1007_BF03045329]].
+ - While _O. dioica_ was not reported on the atlantic and pacific coasts of Costa Rica, its
+ presence is considered plausible ([[Castellanos, Morales-Ramírez and Suárez-Morales,
+ 2009|biblio/10.1007_978-1-4020-8278-8_41]]).
+
Other appendicularians
----------------------
projects / setup / .git / commitdiff